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The fluctuating asymmetry of the butterfly wing pattern does not change along an industrial pollution gradient
<p>The rapid and selective responses to changes in habitat structure and climate have made butterflies valuable environmental indicators. In this study, we asked whether the decline in butterfly populations near the ...
Climate warming leads to decline in frequencies of melanic individuals in subarctic leaf beetle populations
Intraspecific diversity buffers populations from deleterious impacts of environmental change. Nevertheless, the consequences of climate warming for phenotypic and genetic diversity within populations and species remain ...
Predation and parasitism on herbivorous insects change in opposite directions in a latitudinal gradient crossing a boreal forest zone
The latitudinal biotic interaction hypothesis (LBIH) predicts that the strength of various biotic interactions decreases from low to high latitudes. Inconsistency between studies testing this hypothesis may result from ...
Insect herbivory increases from forest to alpine tundra in Arctic mountains
<p>Current theory holds that the intensity of biotic interactions decreases with increases in latitude and elevation; however, empirical data demonstrate great variation in the direction, strength, and shape of elevational ...
Decline of Eulia ministrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in polluted habitats is not accompanied by phenotypic stress responses
Environmental pollution is currently identified as one of the major drivers of rapid decline of insect populations, and this finding has revitalized interest in insect responses to pollution. We tested the hypothesis that ...
Bird predation does not explain spatial variation in insect herbivory in a forest-tundra ecotone
The contribution of bird predation to the spatial variations in insect herbivory remains imperfectly understood, especially in Arctic ecosystems. We experimentally tested the hypothesis that the differences in insect ...
Changes in Biomass and Diversity of Soil Macrofauna along a Climatic Gradient in European Boreal Forests
<p><br></p><p>Latitudinal gradients allow insights into the factors that shape ecosystem structure and delimit ecosystem processes, particularly climate. We asked whether the biomass and diversity of soil macrofauna in ...
Mixed evidence for the small-island effect in a replicated colonisation experiment
<p><br></p><p>Aim <br></p><p>Plant species richness increases with island/patch area, but the effect of spatial scale on the shape of the species-area relationship remains debatable. We asked whether the small-island effect ...
Insecticide application did not reveal any impact of herbivory on plant roots in boreal forests
The levels of belowground herbivory in natural ecosystems remain practically undetermined, and nothing is known regarding the geographic and/or climatic variations in belowground herbivory. We endeavoured to narrow this ...
Leaf size is more sensitive than leaf fluctuating asymmetry as an indicator of plant stress caused by simulated herbivory
Fluctuating asymmetry (FA), defined as small, random departures away from perfect symmetry, is frequently recommended as a sensitive and universal indicator of environmental stress imposed by both abiotic and biotic factors. ...