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Aineistot 1-10 / 19
Efficacy of Fish Oil and/or Probiotic Intervention on the Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in an At-Risk Group of Overweight and Obese Women: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial
<div><p><strong>OBJECTIVE</strong> To assess whether the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may be lowered and glucose metabolism improved by daily administration of fish oil and/or probiotic supplements in overweight and obese pregnant women.</p></div><div><p><strong>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</strong> We randomized in a double-blind manner 439 women (mean 13.9 ± 2.1 gestational weeks [gw]) into four intervention groups: fish oil + placebo, probiotics + placebo, fish oil + probiotics, and placebo + placebo. Fish oil (1.9 g docosahexaenoic acid and 0.22 g eicosapentaenoic acid) and probiotic supplements (Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis 420, 1010 colony-forming units each) were provided for daily consumption from randomization beyond delivery. Primary outcomes were the incidence of GDM diagnosed with oral glucose tolerance test targeted at 24–28 gw and the change in fasting glucose between randomization and late pregnancy (mean 35.2 ± 0.9 gw). Insulin concentration, insulin resistance HOMA2-IR index, and pregnancy outcomes were determined, as were adverse effects related to the intervention. Analyses were by intent to treat.</p></div><div><p><strong>RESULTS</strong> No differences were found among the intervention groups in the maternal and neonatal pregnancy outcomes or side effects related to the intervention (P > 0.05). The proportion of women with GDM (94 of 377; fish oil + placebo, 23 of 96, 24.0%; probiotics + placebo, 25 of 99, 25.3%; fish oil + probiotics, 26 of 91, 28.6%; and placebo + placebo, 20 of 91, 22.0%) or the change in glucose, insulin, or HOMA2-IR (n = 364) did not differ among the intervention groups (P > 0.11 for all comparisons).</p></div><div><p><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong> An intervention with fish oil and/or probiotics during pregnancy seemed to be both safe and well tolerated but conferred no benefits in lowering the risk of GDM or improving glucose metabolism in overweight and obese women.</p></div>...
Somatostatin Receptors and Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 in Lymphomas: A Histopathological Review of Six Lymphoma Subtypes
<p>Background <br></p><p>Somatostatin receptors (SSTR) and chemokine receptor CXCR4 are expressed in lymphomas, while the abundance is known to be heterogeneous in different subtypes of lymphomas. Targeting tumor cells ...
Psychiatric (Axis I) and personality (Axis II) disorders and subjective psychiatric symptoms in chronic tinnitus
<p>Objective: Chronic tinnitus has been associated with several psychiatric disorders. Only few studies have investigated these disorders using validated diagnostic interviews. The aims were to diagnose psychiatric and ...
Validation of IMPROD biparametric MRI in men with clinically suspected prostate cancer: A prospective multi-institutional trial
<p>Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with targeted biopsy (TB) is increasingly used in men with clinically suspected prostate cancer (PCa), but the long acquisition times, high costs, and inter-center/reader ...
Evaluation of serum zonulin for use as an early predictor for gestational diabetes
Diet has an important role in regulating intestinal permeability and subsequently the risk for metabolic disorders. In this observational study, we examined whether serum intestinal permeability marker zonulin, could be ...
Dietary quality influences body composition in overweight and obese pregnant women
<h4>BACKGROUND & AIMS: </h4><p>Excessive adiposity and gestational
weight gain (GWG) have been linked with maternal and offspring
morbidity. We investigated the relation of maternal diet, physical
activity and GWG ...
Gut microbiota aberrations precede diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus
<p>Recent evidence has shown the importance of gut microbiota in human metabolic health [<a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00592-017-1056-0#CR1" title="View reference">1</a>]. Gut microbiota dysbiosis in ...
Premedication with intranasal dexmedetomidine decreases thiopental requirements in sedation of pediatric patients for magnetic resonance imaging: a retrospective study
<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Barbiturates are commonly used in ambulatory sedation of pediatric patients. However, use of barbiturates involve risks of respiratory complications. Dexmedetomidine, a highly selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist, is increasingly used for pediatric sedation. Premedication with intranasal (IN) dexmedetomidine offers a non-invasive and efficient possibility to sedate pediatric patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Our hypothesis was that dexmedetomidine would reduce barbiturate requirements in procedural sedation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We included 200 consecutive pediatric patients undergoing MRI, and analyzed their hospital records retrospectively. Half of the patients received 3 μg/kg of IN dexmedetomidine (DEX group) 45–60 min before MRI while the rest received only thiopental (THIO group) for procedural sedation. Sedation was maintained with further intravenous thiopental dosing as needed. Thiopental consumption, heart rate (HR) and peripheral oxygen saturation were recorded.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The cumulative thiopental requirement during MRI was (median and interquartile range [IQR]) 4.4 (2.7–6.0) mg/kg/h in the DEX group and 12.4 (9.8–14.8) mg/kg/h in the THIO group (difference 7.9 mg/kg/h, 95% CI 6.8–8.8, P < 0.001). Lowest measured peripheral oxygen saturation remained slightly higher in the DEX group compared to the THIO group (median nadirs and IQR: 97 (95–97) % and 96 (94–97) %, P < 0.001). Supplemental oxygen was delivered to 33% of the patients in the THIO group compared to 2% in the DEX group (P < 0.001). The lowest measured HR (mean and SD) was lower (78 (16) bpm) in the DEX group compared to the THIO group (92 (12) bpm) (P < 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Premedication with IN dexmedetomidine (3 μg/kg) was associated with markedly reduced thiopental dosage needed for efficient procedural sedation for pediatric MRI.</p></div>...
Neuronavigated Versus Non-navigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Chronic Tinnitus: A Randomized Study
<p>Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has shown variable effect on tinnitus. A prospective, randomized 6-month follow-up study on parallel groups was conducted to compare the effects of neuronavigated rTMS ...