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Dysphagia, hypothyroidism, and osteoradionecrosis after radiation therapy for head and neck cancer
<h3>Objectives</h3><p>To analyze the long-term side effects of radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC).</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Retrospective chart analysis of all 688 HNC patients treated during 2010–2015 at Turku University Hospital, Finland. All patients who survived for more than a year after RT/chemoRT were included (n = 233). Intensity modulated RT (IMRT) with standard fractionation was applied in each case.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>One hundred and six patients (45%) reported persisting dysphagia, for which neck RT increased risk. Definitive neck RT to high-risk volume did not increase late toxicity risks compared to elective neck RT. Radiation-induced hypothyroidism (29%, n = 67) was more common among younger patients and females. Osteoradionecrosis (12%, n = 29) was more common in the oral cavity cancer group (20.7%, n = 92) compared to all other subsites.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Late toxicities of RT for HNC are common. Age, gender, tumor subsite, and neck RT affect susceptibility to long-term side effects.</p><h3>Level of evidence</h3><p>4.</p>...
Tonsillar cytokine expression between patients with tonsillar hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis
Background: Tonsils provide an innovative in vivo model for investigating immune response to infections and allergens. However, data are scarce on the differences in tonsillar virus infections and immune responses between ...
The relationship of serum vitamins A, D, E and LL-37 levels with allergic status, tonsillar virus detection and immune response
BackgroundTonsils have an active role in immune defence and inducing and maintaining tolerance to allergens. Vitamins A, D, and E, and antimicrobial peptide LL-37 may have immunomodulatory effects. We studied how their ...
Electric field-navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation for chronic tinnitus: a randomized, placebo-controlled study
Objective: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may alleviate tinnitus. We evaluated effects of electric field (E-field) navigated rTMS targeted according to tinnitus pitch. No controlled studies have ...