Hae

We studied the frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in a region where newborn infants have since 1995 been recruited for genetic screening for human leukocyte antigen ...

Congenital cryptorchidism (undescended testis) is one of the most common congenital urogenital malformations in boys. Prevalence of cryptorchidism at birth among boys born with normal birth weight ranges from 1.8 to 8.4%. ...

OBJECTIVES:Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic enteropathy characterized by an autoimmune reaction in the small intestine of genetically susceptible individuals. The underlying causes of autoimmune reaction and its effect on ...

Background: The use of analgesic antipyretics (ANAP) in children have long been a matter of controversy. Data on their practical use on an individual level has, however, been scarce. There are indications of possible effects ...

<p>High MYC expression is linked to proliferative activity in most normal tissues and in cancer. MYC also supports self-renewal and proliferation of many types of tissue progenitor cells. Cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) promotes MYC phosphorylation and activity during intestinal crypt regeneration in vivo and in various cancers. CIP2A also supports male germ cell proliferation in vivo. However, the role of MYC in normal germ cell proliferation and spermatogonial progenitor self-renewal is currently unclear.  Here, we demonstrate that male germ cells are CIP2A-positive but lack detectable levels of MYC protein; whereas MYC is highly expressed in Leydig cells and peritubular myoid cells contributing thereby to the testicular stem cell niche. On the other hand,  MYC was co-expressed with CIP2A in testicular cancers. These results demonstrate that CIP2A and MYC are spatially uncoupled in the regulation of spermatogenesis, but functional relationship between these two human oncoproteins is established during testicular cancer transformation. We propose that further analysis of mechanisms of MYC silencing in spermatogonial progenitors may reveal novel fundamental information relevant to understanding of MYC expression in cancer. <br /></p>...

Simple SummaryRecently, the antiprogestin activity of selective progesterone receptor (PR) modulator mifepristone (MF) has proven unsuccessful as a potential anti-cancer agent in various clinical trials. Herein, we analyzed ...

<div>Conclusions</div><p>Spermatogenesis can be induced with gonadotropins even in boys with HH who have extremely small testes, and despite low-dose T treatment given in early puberty. Induction of puberty with gonadotropins ...

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that targets pancreatic islet beta cells and incorporates genetic and environmental factors(1), including complex genetic elements(2), patient exposures(3) and the gut ...

<p>Miehen hedelmällisyyden perustutkimus on yhä siemennesteanalyysi, mutta sen kyky ennustaa raskauden alkamista on melko huono. Myös munasolun ominaisuudet vaikuttavat siittiön hedelmöityskykyyn.</p><p>Jälkeläisten määrää ...