Hae
Aineistot 21-30 / 382
Exploring eye movements of experienced and novice readers of medical texts concerning the cardiovascular system in making a diagnosis
<p>This study used the eye-tracking method to explore how the level of expertise influences reading, and solving, two written patient cases on cardiac failure and pulmonary embolus. Eye-tracking is a fairly commonly used method in medical education research, but it has been primarily applied to studies analyzing the processing of visualizations, such as medical images or patient video cases. Third-year medical students (n = 39) and residents (n = 13) read two patient case texts in an eye-tracking laboratory. The analysis focused on the diagnosis made, the total visit duration per text slide, and eye-movement indicators regarding task-relevant and task-redundant areas of the patient case text. The results showed that almost all participants (48/52) made the correct diagnosis of the first patient case, whereas all the residents, but only 17 students, correctly diagnosed the second case. The residents were efficient patient-case-solvers: they reached the correct diagnoses, and processed the cases faster and with a lower number of fixations than did the students. Further, the students and residents demonstrated different reading patterns with regard to which slides they proportionally paid most attention. The observed differences could be utilized in medical education to model expert reasoning and to teach the manner in which a good medical text is constructed. Eye-tracking methodology appears to have a great deal of potential in evaluating performance and growing diagnostic expertise in reading medical texts. However, further research using medical texts as stimuli is required. Anat Sci Educ. © 2016 American Association of Anatomists.<br /></p>...
Patients with high-risk DLBCL benefit from dose-dense immunochemotherapy combined with early systemic CNS prophylaxis
Survival of patients with high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is suboptimal, and the risk of central nervous system (CNS) progression is relatively high. We conducted a phase 2 trial in 139 patients aged 18 to ...
Arthroscopic Bankart versus open Latarjet as a primary operative treatment for traumatic anteroinferior instability in young males: a randomised controlled trial with 2-year follow-up
<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the success rates of arthroscopic Bankart and open Latarjet procedure in the treatment of traumatic shoulder instability in young males.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Multicentre ...
Circulating Docosahexaenoic Acid Associates with Insulin-Dependent Skeletal Muscle and Whole Body Glucose Uptake in OlderWomen Born from Normal Weight Mothers
Background: Obesity among pregnant women is common, and their offspring are predisposed to obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes. The circulating metabolites that are related to insulin resistance and are associated ...
Uni- ja hengityskeskus yhtenäistää diagnostiikkaa ja hoitoa
<p>Hengitysvajeen sekä uni- ja vireystilahäiriöiden hoidossa tarvitaan useiden erikoisalojen moniammatillista yhteistyötä. Kansallisella koordinaatiolla haetaan kustannustehokkuutta ja potilaiden yhdenvertaisuuden toteutumista. ...
Metformin and insulin treatment of gestational diabetes: effects on inflammatory markers and IGF-binding protein-1-secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by disturbed glucose metabolism and activation of low-grade inflammation. We studied whether metformin treatment has favorable or unfavorable effects on ...
Exploratory Analysis of CA125-MGL and –STn Glycoforms in the Differential Diagnostics of Pelvic Masses
<div><div>Background</div><div><br></div><p>The cancer antigen 125 (CA125) immunoassay (IA) does not distinguish epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) from benign disease with the sensitivity needed in clinical practice. In recent studies, glycoforms of CA125 have shown potential as biomarkers in EOC. Here, we assessed the diagnostic abilities of two recently developed CA125 glycoform assays for patients with a pelvic mass. Detailed analysis was further conducted for postmenopausal patients with marginally elevated conventionally measured CA125 levels, as this subgroup presents a diagnostic challenge in the clinical setting.</p></div><div><br></div><div><div>Methods</div><p>Our study population contained 549 patients diagnosed with EOC, benign ovarian tumors, and endometriosis. Of these, 288 patients were postmenopausal, and 98 of them presented with marginally elevated serum levels of conventionally measured CA125 at diagnosis. Preoperative serum levels of conventionally measured CA125 and its glycoforms (CA125-MGL and CA125-STn) were determined.</p></div><div><br></div><div><div>Results</div><p>The CA125-STn assay identified EOC significantly better than the conventional CA125-IA in postmenopausal patients (85% vs. 74% sensitivity at a fixed specificity of 90%, P = 0.0009). Further, both glycoform assays had superior AUCs compared to the conventional CA125-IA in postmenopausal patients with marginally elevated CA125. Importantly, the glycoform assays reduced the false positive rate of the conventional CA125-IA.</p></div><div><br></div><div><div>Conclusions</div><p>The results indicate that the CA125 glycoform assays markedly improve the performance of the conventional CA125-IA in the differential diagnosis of pelvic masses. This result is especially valuable when CA125 is marginally elevated.</p></div>...
The role of polygenic risk and susceptibility genes in breast cancer over the course of life
Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for breast cancer have potential to improve risk prediction, but there is limited information on their utility in various clinical situations. Here we show that among 122,978 women in the FinnGen ...
Synnytyspelon hoito TYKS:ssa
Lähtökohdat TYKS:aan perustettiin synnytyspelkovastaanotto, jota pitivät kätilöt.Menetelmät Tarkastelimme kätilölle ja synnytyslääkärille ohjautuneiden potilaiden hoitoa ja eroja synnytystavassa.Tulokset Synnytyspelon ...