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Does being conceived by assisted reproductive technology influence adult quality of life?
Numerous studies have investigated the physical health and development of children and adolescents conceived with assisted reproductive technology (ART). Less is known about the quality of life of ART-conceived adults. ...
Gene set analysis of transcriptomics data identifies new biological processes associated with early markers of atherosclerosis but not with those of osteoporosis: Atherosclerosis-osteoporosis co/multimorbidity study in the Young Finns Study
<p>Aim<br></p><p>We aimed at identifying the shared biological processes underlying atherosclerosis-osteoporosis co/multimorbidity.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We performed gene set analysis (GSA) of whole-blood transcriptomic ...
Hyperkolesterolemian uudet hoitosuositukset
<p>Syksyllä 2019 Euroopan kardiologi- ja ateroskleroosiyhdistykset (European Society of Cardiology (ESC) ja European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS)) julkaisivat yhdessä uuden dyslipidemioiden hoitosuosituksen, jonka pohjalta ...
Associations of retinal microvascular caliber with large arterial function and structure: A population-based study of 11 to 12 year-olds and midlife adults
<p>Objective <br></p><p>We examined associations between retinal microvascular and large arterial phenotypes to explore relationships between the micro- and macro-vasculature in childhood and midlife. <br></p><p>Methods ...
Sleep and cardiometabolic health in children and adults: examining sleep as a component of the 24-h day
<p><b>Study objectives</b></p>
<p>Sleep, physical activity and sedentary time are all known to play a role in cardiometabolic health. Compositional data analysis (CoDA) enables us to examine associations between 24-h use ...
Methylation status of nc886 epiallele reflects periconceptional conditions and is associated with glucose metabolism through nc886 RNAs
<p>Background</p><p>Non-coding RNA 886 (nc886) is coded from a maternally inherited metastable epiallele. We set out to investigate the determinants and dynamics of the methylation pattern at the nc886 epiallele and how ...
Diet quality trajectories and cardiovascular phenotypes/metabolic syndrome risk by 11-12 years
<p>Objective <br></p><p>To investigate associations between early-life diet trajectories and preclinical cardiovascular phenotypes and metabolic risk by age 12 years. </p><p><br>Methods <br></p><p>Participants were 1861 children (51% male) from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. At five biennial waves from 2-3 to 10-11 years: Every 2 years from 2006 to 2014, diet quality scores were collected from brief 24-h parent/self-reported dietary recalls and then classified using group-based trajectory modeling as 'never healthy' (7%), 'becoming less healthy' (17%), 'moderately healthy' (21%), and 'always healthy' (56%). At 11-12 years: During children's physical health Child Health CheckPoint (2015-2016), we measured cardiovascular functional (resting heart rate, blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, carotid elasticity/distensibility) and structural (carotid intima-media thickness, retinal microvasculature) phenotypes, and metabolic risk score (composite of body mass index z-score, systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoproteins cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose). Associations were estimated using linear regression models (n = 1100-1800) adjusted for age, sex, and socioeconomic position. </p><p>Results <br></p><p>Compared to 'always healthy', the 'never healthy' trajectory had higher resting heart rate (2.6 bpm, 95% CI 0.4, 4.7) and metabolic risk score (0.23, 95% CI 0.01, 0.45), and lower arterial elasticity (-0.3% per 10 mmHg, 95% CI -0.6, -0.1) and distensibility (-1.2%, 95% CI -1.9, -0.5) (all effect sizes 0.3-0.4). Heart rate, distensibility, and diastolic blood pressure were progressively poorer for less healthy diet trajectories (linear trends p <= 0.02). Effects for systolic blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, and structural phenotypes were less evident. </p><p>Conclusions <br></p><p>Children following the least healthy diet trajectory had poorer functional cardiovascular phenotypes and metabolic syndrome risk, including higher resting heart rate, one of the strongest precursors of all-cause mortality. Structural phenotypes were not associated with diet trajectories, suggesting the window to prevent permanent changes remains open to at least late childhood.</p>...
Influence of early life risk factors and lifestyle on systemic vascular resistance in later adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study
<p>Purpose <br></p><p>There are limited data available concerning the effects of lifetime risk factors and lifestyle on systemic hemodynamics, especially on systemic vascular resistance. The purpose of the study was to evaluate how lifetime cardiovascular risk factors (body mass index (BMI), high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, blood glucose) and lifestyle factors (vegetable consumption, fruit consumption, smoking and physical activity) predict systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) and cardiac index (CI) assessed in adulthood. <br></p><p>Materials and Methods <br></p><p>Our study cohort comprised 1635 subjects of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study followed up for 27 years since baseline (1980; aged 3-18 years, females 54.3%) who had risk factor and lifestyle data available since childhood. Systemic hemodynamics were measured in 2007 (aged 30-45 years) by whole-body impedance cardiography. <br></p><p>Results <br></p><p>In the multivariable regression analysis, independent predictors of the adulthood SVRI were childhood BMI, blood glucose, vegetable consumption, smoking, and physical activity (p <= .046 for all). Vegetable consumption, smoking, and physical activity remained significant when adjusted for corresponding adult data (p <= .036 for all). For the CI, independent predictors in childhood were BMI, systolic blood pressure, vegetable consumption, and physical activity (p <= .044 for all), and the findings remained significant after adjusting for corresponding adult data (p <= .046 for all). The number of childhood and adulthood risk factors and unfavourable lifestyle factors was directly associated with the SVRI (p < .001) in adulthood. A reduction in the number of risk factors and unfavourable lifestyle factors or a favourable change in BMI status from childhood to adulthood was associated with a lower SVRI in adulthood (p < .001). <br></p><p>Conclusion <br></p><p>Childhood BMI, blood glucose, vegetable consumption, smoking and physical activity independently predict systemic vascular resistance in adulthood. A favourable change in the number of risk factors or BMI from childhood to adulthood was associated with lower vascular resistance in adulthood.<br></p>...
Modest decrease in severity of obesity in adolescence associates with low arterial stiffness
<p>Background and aims</p><p>Childhood obesity is associated with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), subclinical cardiovascular phenotypes (carotid intima-media thickness, cIMT; pulse-wave velocity, PWV; and carotid elasticity), and adult cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. In youth with obesity (body mass index, BMI ≥95th centile), we investigated associations between changes in adiposity and CVRF in early adolescence and subclinical cardiovascular phenotypes in late adolescence.<br></p><p>Methods</p><p>Participants had adiposity measures (the severity of obesity in percentage >95th BMI-centile (%>95th BMI-centile)), waist circumference (WC), percentage total body fat (%BF) and CVRF (systolic blood pressure, SBP; glycoprotein acetyls, GlycA; and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) assessed in early (mean age 10.2 ± 3.5y) and late (15.7 ± 3.7y) adolescence. Subclinical cardiovascular phenotypes were assessed in late adolescence. Multivariable regression analysis was performed.<br></p><p>Results</p><p>Decreasing the %>95th BMI-centile was associated with carotid elasticity (0.945%/10 mmHg, p = 0.002) in females, and with PWV in males (−0.75 m/s, p < 0.001). Changes in all adiposity measures (per 1-unit increase) were associated with carotid elasticity (−0.020 to −0.063%/10 mmHg, p < 0.005), and PWV (0.011–0.045 m/s, p < 0.005). Changes in GlycA (per 50 μmol-increase) were associated with elasticity (−0.162%/10 mmHg, p = 0.042), and changes in SBP (per 10 mmHg-increase) were associated with PWV (0.260 m/s, p < 0.001). Adjusted for change in BMI, the coefficient for GlycA was reduced by 46% and for SBP by 12%. Only male sex was associated with cIMT (+34 μm, p = 0.006).<br></p><p>Conclusions</p><p>In youth with obesity, decreasing or maintaining the severity of obesity, and decreasing the levels of SBP and GlycA from early to late adolescence was associated with low arterial stiffness.</p>...