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Serological assays are used to diagnose and characterize host immune responses against microbial pathogens. Microarray technologies facilitate high-throughput immunoassays of antibody detection against multiple pathogens ...

Several prospective studies have shown an association between cows' milk consumption and the risk of islet autoimmunity and/or type 1 diabetes. We wanted to study whether processing of milk plays a role. A population-based ...

<p>Sufficient maternal dietary intake of n-3 fatty acids (FA) supports offspring development. We aimed to construct simple criteria for dietary counselling to improve intake of n-3 FA.</p><p>Serum phospholipid FA from ...

Simple SummaryRecently, the antiprogestin activity of selective progesterone receptor (PR) modulator mifepristone (MF) has proven unsuccessful as a potential anti-cancer agent in various clinical trials. Herein, we analyzed ...

<p>Although many infants with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection are hospitalized, most infants are treated as outpatients. Limited data are available on the burden of RSV in outpatient infants.<br></p><p>In a ...

Aims/hypothesis Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells that recognise derivatives of bacterial riboflavin metabolites presented by MHC-Ib-related protein 1 (MR1) molecules and are important ...

The genetics of autosomal recessive intellectual disability (ARID) has mainly been studied in consanguineous families, however, founder populations may also be of interest to study intellectual disability (ID) and the ...

<p>Background</p><p>B cells play a crucial role during rhinovirus (RV) infections by production of virus-neutralizing antibodies. A main feature of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is hypogammaglobulinemia (HG). HG patients have severely reduced levels of antibody-producing B cells and suffer from prolonged virus infections. Here, we addressed whether antiviral response of peripheral blood lymphocytes differs between HG patients and healthy individuals during natural RV infection.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, B-cell subsets were analyzed. Simultaneously, CD19 + B cells, CD14 + monocytes, and CD3 + T cells were sorted from frozen peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 11 RV-infected hypogammaglobulinemia patients, 7 RV-infected control subjects, and 14 noninfected control subjects. Real-time PCR was used to study expression of antiviral genes. A pan-RV PCR was used to detect RV genome in all samples.</p><p>Results</p><p>In HG patients, total B-cell numbers, as well as IgA + and IgG + switched memory B cells, were reduced while naive B cells and T cells were increased. STAT1 expression was increased in HG patients compared to controls in all lymphocyte subsets analyzed. The expression of antiviral genes IFITM1 and MX1 correlated with STAT1 expression in B cells and monocytes. RV RNA was found in 88.9% of monocytes from infected HG patients, 85.7% of monocytes from infected controls, and 7.1% of monocytes from uninfected controls.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>We demonstrate an increased antiviral response in B cells and monocytes in HG patients and their correlation with STAT1 expression. Monocytes of infected HG patients and infected non-HG controls carry RV RNA.</p>...

<p>Aims/hypothesis: We studied the association of plasma ascorbic acid with the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes and examined whether SNPs in vitamin C transport genes modify these associations. ...

Background Investigation of preschool asthma is important since not all children outgrow their illness during this age. Data are scarce on the role of rhinovirus (RV) infections in this patient group. Objectives To investigate ...