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A patient with korsakoff syndrome of psychiatric and alcoholic etiology presenting as DSM-5 mild neurocognitive disorder
<p><strong>Background:</strong> Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) and
Korsakoff syndrome (KS) are underdiagnosed. The DSM-5 has raised the
diagnostic threshold by including KS in the major neurocognitive
disorders, which ...
Seasonal variation in the brain μ-opioid receptor availability
<p>Seasonal rhythms influence emotion and sociability. The brain μ-opioid receptor (MOR) system modulates a multitude of seasonally varying socioemotional functions, but its seasonal variation remains elusive with no ...
Uni- ja hengityskeskus yhtenäistää diagnostiikkaa ja hoitoa
<p>Hengitysvajeen sekä uni- ja vireystilahäiriöiden hoidossa tarvitaan useiden erikoisalojen moniammatillista yhteistyötä. Kansallisella koordinaatiolla haetaan kustannustehokkuutta ja potilaiden yhdenvertaisuuden toteutumista. ...
Successful suppression of musical hallucinations with low-frequency rTMS of the left temporo-parietal junction: A case report
<p><br></p><p>Background: Inhibitory low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the temporo-parietal area has been applied to treat both auditory verbal hallucinations as well as tinnitus.<br></ ...
Korsakoff Syndrome in Non-alcoholic Psychiatric Patients. Variable Cognitive Presentation and Impaired Frontotemporal Connectivity
Background : Non-alcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy and Korsakoff syndrome are greatly underdiagnosed. There are very few reported cases of neuropsychologically documented non-alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome, and diffusion ...
Psychiatric (Axis I) and personality (Axis II) disorders and subjective psychiatric symptoms in chronic tinnitus
<p>Objective: Chronic tinnitus has been associated with several psychiatric disorders. Only few studies have investigated these disorders using validated diagnostic interviews. The aims were to diagnose psychiatric and ...
Peripheral blood DNA methylation differences in twin pairs discordant for Alzheimer's disease
<p>Background <br></p><p>Alzheimer's disease results from a neurodegenerative process that starts well before the diagnosis can be made. New prognostic or diagnostic markers enabling early intervention into the disease ...
Infants born to women with substance use: Exploring early neurobehavior with the Dubowitz neurological examination
<div><h3>Background</h3><p>There is a special concern regarding substance using pregnant women due to the possible adverse effects on the infant. While the immediate effects of prenatal substance exposure are well known, the long-term data on the infants' <a title="Learn more about Nerve Cell Differentiation" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/nerve-cell-differentiation"><u>neurodevelopment</u></a> is inconclusive.</p></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to assess early neurobehavior of infants of mothers with <a title="Learn more about Substance Use" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/substance-use"><u>substance use</u></a> using the Dubowitz examination and to follow their neuromotor development until one year of age.</p></div><div><h3>Study design and subjects</h3><p>Ninety-five pregnant women with a recent history of substance use were recruited and followed up at the maternity outpatient clinic. Follow-up data was collected from hospital records and maternal interviews. The Dubowitz neurological examination was performed to the 54 clinically healthy term infants. The results were converted into optimality scores and compared to normative values from clinically healthy term infants derived from a separate normative population. The infant's neuromotor development was followed up to one year of age.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Only 7% of the infants born to women with recent or current substance use reached optimal scores (<30.5) in the Dubowitz neurological examination compared to 95% reported in normative population. Sixty-three percent of the newborns needed follow-up based on physiotherapeutic assessment of neurobehavior. By 12 months of age, the neuromotor status of 88% (n = 30) of these infants was found normal.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A high percentage of infants of mothers who were referred prenatally to hospital due to substance use showed suboptimal neurological findings during their first days of life.<br /></p></div>...
A New Parental Mentalization Focused Ultrasound Intervention for Substance Using Pregnant Women. Effect on Self-reported Prenatal Mental Health, Attachment and Mentalization in a Randomized and Controlled Trial
<p>The effect of a novel mentalization-based parenting intervention was explored on prenatal self-reported mentalization (P-PRFQ), attachment (MFAS), depression (EPDS) and anxiety (STAI) among women with substance use problems. The participants were 90 pregnant women referred to obstetric outpatient care due to recent or current substance use and randomized into intervention (n = 46) and control (n = 44) groups. The intervention group received three interactive 4D ultrasound sessions and a week-by-week pregnancy diary. The control condition was constituted of treatment-as-usual in obstetric care. Unfortunately, the efficacy of the intervention on maternal prenatal mental health, attachment, and parental mentalization was not substantiated. The negative results may be related to the small sample size, the patient-reported outcomes, or insufficient efficacy within this high-risk group. In the context of high psychosocial risks and follow-up by Child Welfare Services, the patient-reported outcomes may have underestimated prenatal adversity. The role of the research context, methodology, and possible sources of bias in the outcome assessment are discussed.<br /></p>...
Incidence of and Characteristics Associated With Long-term Benzodiazepine Use in Finland
<div><b>Importance</b> The proportion of patients who develop long-term benzodiazepine use remains controversial, as do the length of time before long-term use develops and the factors associated with long-term ...