Julkaisuarkisto

Tässä artikkelissa tutkin 1920–1930-luvulla suomalaisella maaseudulla eläneiden huutolaislasten ylisukupolvisia kokemuksia. Aineistona on kaksi muistitietohaastattelua ja haastateltavien perhevalokuvia. Pohdin huutolaisjärjestelmän seurauksia sijoituslapsuuden historiassa sekä valokuvan ja muistitiedon välistä vuorovaikutusta muistitietohaastattelussa. Tarkastelen aihetta kokemushistorian näkökulmasta hyödyntäen mikrohistorian lähilukua. Tutkimus valottaa sijoituslasten arkea ja kokemuksia köyhyydestä sekä niiden 2020-luvulle saakka välittyneitä vaikutuksia. Artikkelissa osoitan, miten mielikuvitus, lapsuudenusko, koulutus ja sosiaaliset verkostot ovat tuoneet lapselle turvaa. Jälkipolville huutolaislapsuus on näyttäytynyt puhumattomuutena, häpeän ja alemmuuden tunteina ja saavutetun materian arvostuksena. Toisaalta myös hyviä asioita on periytynyt, kuten usko tulevaan ja huumori arjen keventäjänä. Valokuvat muistoesineinä rakensivat yhteyttä sekä henkilökohtaiseen minään että edeltäviin sukupolviin ja mahdollistivat menneisyyden lapsuuden kokemustilan pohtimisen eri tavalla kuin muisti. Tutkimusprosessi tarjosi haastateltaville tilaisuuden tarkastella suvun vaiheita osana huutolaisuuden kulttuurista narratiivia.

We are witnessing a period of dramatic global change – from geopolitical conflicts and rising defence expenditures to climate change, biodiversity loss, and the structural transformations of the knowledge economy – that places mounting pressure on ageing welfare states. In this concluding chapter, we situate these challenges in historical and comparative perspectives while critically reflecting on the results presented throughout the volume. The chapter evaluates the strengths and limitations of the social investment-intervention (SI+I) framework, asking whether the integration of investments and interventions can provide the flexibility, effectiveness, and legitimacy required to sustain welfare states in the twenty-first century.

This study evaluates the Finnish Basic Income Experiment (FBIE) and its impacts on economic, social, and mental health outcomes. The FBIE provided a monthly unconditional basic income of €560 to long-term unemployed individuals, replacing the conditional minimum unemployment benefit. Linking experimental data to high-quality administrative registers, we assess both intended and unintended effects within Finland's comprehensive social security system. During the two-year experiment, basic income increased disposable income and reduced psychiatric drug use and primary care visits for mental health, though these effects largely faded afterward. No substantial impacts were observed on employment, geographic mobility, or fertility. Overall, the modest increase in economic autonomy did not translate into major life changes but was associated with short-term improvements in mental health.

Pensions represent a cornerstone of income security in the Nordic welfare state. This chapter analyses the major Finnish pension reforms of 2005, 2017, and the reform negotiated in 2025, and shows how these pension reforms have increasingly incorporated elements of the social investment paradigm. The 2005 and 2017 reforms introduced flexible retirement ages, life expectancy adjustments, and accrual incentives designed to extend working lives, thereby embedding investment-oriented incentives into the system. However, interventionist features remain limited, with only selective measures such as the years-of-service pension for physically demanding occupations. The 2025 reform shifts the focus towards fiscal stabilisation, introducing technical mechanisms rather than behavioural incentives. Overall, Finnish pensions illustrate how an earnings-related, corporatist system can integrate elements of social investment without fundamentally departing from its role as long-term income security.

This chapter describes and gives examples of how refugee children's mental health and learning can be effectively supported through coordinated interventions in educational and healthcare services in Finland. Drawing on the investment-intervention framework, we highlight the importance of evidence-based approaches that address both immediate needs and long-term integration of refugee children. The chapter outlines the legal and institutional structures that affect access to education and mental health services and presents practical models for cross-sectoral collaboration. By integrating mental health support with educational strategies, these interventions aim to enhance resilience, promote inclusion, and foster positive developmental outcomes for refugee children.