Potential of the Baltic Sea bladderwrack as raw material for food and feed applications
Lassila, Saku (2020-10-09)
Potential of the Baltic Sea bladderwrack as raw material for food and feed applications
(09.10.2020)
Julkaisu on tekijänoikeussäännösten alainen. Teosta voi lukea ja tulostaa henkilökohtaista käyttöä varten. Käyttö kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin on kielletty.
suljettu
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on:
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2020110689624
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2020110689624
Tiivistelmä
A wide range of varieties of algae have been consumed globally for centuries. However, in Europe, and especially in the Nordic countries, the consumption of algae has been marginal. Despite that, algae product import is doubled compared to algae export in the EU, indicating possible demand of local production. One of the most abundant algae specie of the Baltic Sea, bladder wrack (Fucus vesiculosus) is rich in vitamins and minerals, especially iodine, and contains polyunsaturated fatty acids essential for human nutrition. Moreover, it has high content of soluble fibers fucoidan and alginate that are used in food, pharmaceutics and cosmetics industry. Several compounds found in bladder wrack also have bioactive and/or therapeutic attributes.
A stepwise fractionation method for extraction of mineral rich liquid extract, fats and soluble fibers was developed and tested in this study. The efficiency of stepwise fractionation was compared to direct extraction of lipids from the algal biomass. The stepwise fractionation gave higher yields of lipids than direct extraction with two different solvents that were tested. In chloroform/methanol pipeline, mineral rich liquid extract contributed for 19% of dry weight, Lipid fraction for 5% and fucoidan rich fraction for 11%.
In addition, bladder wrack samples from across the Baltic Sea were screened with ICP-MS for lead, arsenic and cadmium. The dried algae samples from the Archipelago Sea had the highest concentration of arsenic and cadmium, 46.4 mg/kg and 1.39 mg/kg respectively. Whereas the highest lead concentration, 0.51 mg/kg, was observed in the samples collected from the coast of Saaremaa. None of the samples exceeded the maximum levels of heavy metals set by the EU, although, the high content of cadmium may limit the use of bladder wrack from some areas of the Baltic Sea.
These results indicate that bladder wrack biomass has potential as a raw material in stepwise fractionation to produce higher value products, even though the cadmium content may prevent the use of bladder wrack as food and feed as such.
A stepwise fractionation method for extraction of mineral rich liquid extract, fats and soluble fibers was developed and tested in this study. The efficiency of stepwise fractionation was compared to direct extraction of lipids from the algal biomass. The stepwise fractionation gave higher yields of lipids than direct extraction with two different solvents that were tested. In chloroform/methanol pipeline, mineral rich liquid extract contributed for 19% of dry weight, Lipid fraction for 5% and fucoidan rich fraction for 11%.
In addition, bladder wrack samples from across the Baltic Sea were screened with ICP-MS for lead, arsenic and cadmium. The dried algae samples from the Archipelago Sea had the highest concentration of arsenic and cadmium, 46.4 mg/kg and 1.39 mg/kg respectively. Whereas the highest lead concentration, 0.51 mg/kg, was observed in the samples collected from the coast of Saaremaa. None of the samples exceeded the maximum levels of heavy metals set by the EU, although, the high content of cadmium may limit the use of bladder wrack from some areas of the Baltic Sea.
These results indicate that bladder wrack biomass has potential as a raw material in stepwise fractionation to produce higher value products, even though the cadmium content may prevent the use of bladder wrack as food and feed as such.