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Parental Psychosocial Well-Being as a Predictor of the Social Competence of a Child
<p>Our study examined the interrelations between the psychosocial
well-being of parents at the time of pregnancy and the social competence
of their three-year-old child. Whereas most previous studies have
linked the ...
Toddlers’ diurnal cortisol levels affected by out-of-home, center-based childcare and at-home, guardian-supervised childcare: comparison between different caregiving contexts
<p>Previous research suggests that attending non-parental out-of-home
childcare is associated with elevated cortisol levels for some children.
We aimed to compare diurnal saliva cortisol levels between children
having out-of-home, center-based childcare or those having at-home,
guardian-supervised childcare in Finland. A total of 213 children, aged
2.1 years (SD = 0.6), were drawn from the ongoing Finnish birth cohort
study. Saliva samples were collected over 2 consecutive days (Sunday and
Monday), with four samples drawn during each day: 30 min after waking
up in the morning, at 10 am, between 2 and 3 pm, and in the evening
before sleep. These results suggest that the shapes of the diurnal
cortisol profiles were similar in both childcare groups following a
typical circadian rhythm. However, the overall cortisol levels were on
average 30% higher (95% CI: [9%, 54%], p = .004)
with the at-home childcare in comparison with the out-of-home childcare
group. Furthermore, a slight increase in the diurnal cortisol pattern
was noticed in both groups and in both measurement days during the
afternoon. This increase was 27% higher ([2%, 57%], p = .031)
in the out-of-home childcare group during the out-of-home childcare day
in comparison with the at-home childcare day. The elevated afternoon
cortisol levels were partly explained by the afternoon naps, but there
were probably other factors as well producing the cortisol rise during
the afternoon hours. Further research is needed to define how a child’s
individual characteristic as well as their environmental factors
associate with cortisol secretion patterns in different caregiving
contexts.<br /></p>...
Child Temperament and Total Diurnal Cortisol in Out-of-Home Center-Based Child Care and in At-Home Parental Care
<p>The association between child temperament characteristics and total diurnal saliva cortisol in 84 children (M = 2.3 years, SD = 0.6) attending out-of-home, center-based child care and 79 children (M = 2.0 years, SD = ...
The courses of maternal and paternal depressive and anxiety symptoms during the prenatal period in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort study
Maternal prenatal symptoms of depression and anxiety have been suggested to impose differential effects on later offspring development, depending on their characteristics, such as timing, intensity and persistence. Paternal ...
Trajectories of maternal pre- and postnatal anxiety and depressive symptoms and infant fear: Moderation by infant sex
<p>Background<br />Prior work has examined the links between pre- and postnatal maternal distress and infant negative affectivity; however, there is little understanding about how the continuity of infant exposure to pre- ...
Mathematical skills of 11-year-old children born very preterm and full-term
<p>Preterm birth affects the academic development of children, especially in mathematics. Remarkably, only a few studies have measured specific effects of preterm birth on mathematical skills in primary school. The aim of ...
Parents' depression and loneliness during pregnancy and respiratory infections in the offspring: A prospective birth cohort study.
An association between maternal prenatal stress and increased rates of respiratory tract infections in the offspring has been described earlier. Data regarding the father's role is lacking. In this study our aim was to ...
Motor Performance in Association with Perceived Loneliness and Social Competence in 11-Year-Old Children Born Very Preterm
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Very preterm birth may affect motor performance and social competence up to adulthood. Our objective was to describe perceived loneliness and social competence in children born very preterm ...
Spontaneous focusing on numerosity in preschool as a predictor of mathematical skills and knowledge in the fifth grade
<p>Previous studies in a variety of countries have shown that there are
substantial individual differences in children’s spontaneous focusing on
numerosity (SFON), and these differences are positively related to the ...