Hae
Aineistot 11-20 / 27
μ-opioid receptor availability is associated with sex drive in human males
The endogenous mu-opioid receptor (MOR) system modulates a multitude of social and reward-related functions, and exogenous opiates also influence sex drive in humans and animals. Sex drive shows substantial variation across ...
Carnal pleasures
<p>Pleasures are tightly intertwined with the body. Enjoyment derived from sex, feeding and social touch originate from somatosensory and gustatory processing, and pleasant emotions also markedly influence bodily states ...
Attentional bias towards interpersonal aggression in depression - an eye movement study
Depressed individuals exhibit an attentional bias towards mood-congruent stimuli, yet evidence for biased processing of threat-related information in human interaction remains scarce. Here, we tested whether an attentional ...
Mapping emotions on the body
Emotions are allostatic processes that transform the relationship between the environment and the desired bodily states into behaviour supporting homeostasis and well-being. Central emotion circuits are thus tightly coupled ...
Association of CNR1 gene and cannabinoid 1 receptor protein in the human brain
We aimed to integrate genomic mapping from brain mRNA atlas with the protein expression from positron emission tomography (PET) scans of type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptor and to compare the predictive power of CB1 receptor ...
Obesity risk is associated with brain glucose uptake and insulin resistance
<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether alterations in brain glucose uptake (BGU), insulin action in the brain-liver axis and whole-body insulin sensitivity occur in young adults in pre-obese state.</p><p>< ...
Mesolimbic opioid-dopamine interaction is disrupted in obesity but recovered by weight loss following bariatric surgery
Obesity is a growing burden to health and the economy worldwide. Obesity is associated with central mu-opioid receptor (MOR) downregulation and disruption of the interaction between MOR and dopamine D-2 receptor (D2R) ...
Social pleasures of music
<p>Humans across all societies engage in music-listening and making, which they find pleasurable, despite music does not appear to have any obvious survival value. Here we review the recent studies on the social dimensions ...
Cerebral μ-opioid and CB1 receptor systems have distinct roles in human feeding behavior
<p>Eating behavior varies greatly between individuals, but the neurobiological basis of these trait-like differences in feeding remains poorly understood. Central μ-opioid receptors (MOR) and cannabinoid CB<sub>1</sub> receptors (CB<sub>1</sub>R) regulate energy balance via multiple neural pathways, promoting food intake and reward. Because obesity and eating disorders have been associated with alterations in the brain’s opioid and endocannabinoid signaling, the variation in MOR and CB<sub>1</sub>R system function could potentially underlie distinct eating behavior phenotypes. In this retrospective positron emission tomography (PET) study, we analyzed [<sup>11</sup>C]carfentanil PET scans of MORs from 92 healthy subjects (70 males and 22 females), and [<sup>18</sup>F]FMPEP-d<sub>2</sub> scans of CB<sub>1</sub>Rs from 35 subjects (all males, all also included in the [<sup>11</sup>C]carfentanil sample). Eating styles were measured with the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ). We found that lower cerebral MOR availability was associated with increased external eating—individuals with low MORs reported being more likely to eat in response to environment’s palatable food cues. CB<sub>1</sub>R availability was associated with multiple eating behavior traits. We conclude that although MORs and CB<sub>1</sub>Rs overlap anatomically in brain regions regulating food reward, they have distinct roles in mediating individual feeding patterns. Central MOR system might provide a pharmacological target for reducing individual’s excessive cue-reactive eating behavior.<br></p>...