Hae
Aineistot 11-15 / 15
Molecular Imaging to Monitor Left Ventricular Remodeling in Heart Failure
<div>Purpose of Review: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of deaths worldwide. Many complex cellular and molecular pathways lead to myocardial remodeling after ischemic insults. Anatomy, function, and viability ...
Incorporating coronary artery calcium scoring in the prediction of obstructive coronary artery disease with myocardial ischemia: a study with sequential use of coronary computed tomography angiography and positron emission tomography imaging
<div><p>Background<br>Additional strategies are needed to refine the referral for diagnostic testing of symptomatic patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to compare various models to predict hemodynamically obstructive CAD.<br></p><p>Methods and results<br>Symptomatic patients with suspected CAD who underwent coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) and sequential coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and [<sup>15</sup>O]H<sub>2</sub>O positron emission tomography (PET) myocardial perfusion imaging were analyzed. Obstructive CAD was defined as a suspected coronary artery stenosis on CCTA with myocardial ischemia on PET (absolute stress myocardial perfusion ≤ 2.4 mL/g/min in ≥ 1 segment). Three models were developed to predict obstructive CAD-induced myocardial ischemia using logistic regression analysis: (1) basic model: including age, sex and cardiac symptoms, (2) risk factor model: adding number of risk factors to the basic model, and (3) CACS model: adding CACS to the risk factor model. Model performance was evaluated using discriminatory ability with area under the receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUC). A total of 647 patients (mean age 62 ± 9 years, 45% men) underwent CACS and sequential CCTA and PET myocardial perfusion imaging. Obstructive CAD with myocardial ischemia on PET was present in 151 (23%) patients. CACS was independently associated with myocardial ischemia (P < .001). AUC for the discrimination of ischemia for the CACS model was superior over the basic model and risk factor model (P < .001).<br></p><p>Conclusions<br>Adding CACS to the model including age, sex, cardiac symptoms and number of risk factors increases the accuracy to predict obstructive CAD with myocardial ischemia on PET in symptomatic patients with suspected CAD.<br></p></div><p> <br></p>...
Coronary computed tomography angiography-based endothelial wall shear stress in normal coronary arteries
Endothelial wall shear stress (ESS) is a biomechanical force which plays a role in the formation and evolution of atherosclerotic lesions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate coronary computed tomography angiography ...
Time-resolved fluorescence based direct two-site apoA-I immunoassays and their clinical application in patients with suspected obstructive coronary artery disease
<p><strong>Objective:</strong> High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a heterogeneous group of subpopulations differing in protein/lipid composition and in their anti-atherogenic function. There is a lack of assays that can target the functionality of HDL particles related to atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to construct two-site apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) assays and to evaluate their clinical performance in patients with suspected obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).</p><p><strong>Approach and results:</strong> Direct two-site apoA-I assays (named 109–121 and 110–525) were developed to identify the presence of apoA-I in the HDL of patients with CAD using apoA-I antibodies as a single-chain variable fragment fused with alkaline phosphatase. ApoA-I<sup>109−121</sup> and apoA-I<sup>110−525</sup> were measured in 197 patients undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and myocardial positron emission tomography perfusion imaging due to suspected obstructive CAD. Among patients not using lipid-lowering medication (LLM, n = 125), the level of apoA-I<sup>110−525</sup> was higher in the presence than in the absence of coronary atherosclerosis [21.88 (15.89–27.44) mg/dl vs. 17.66 (13.38–24.48) mg/dl, P = 0.01)], whereas there was no difference in apoA-I<sup>109−121</sup>, HDL cholesterol, and apoA-I determined using a polyclonal apoA-I antibody. The levels of apoA-I<sup>109−121</sup> and apoA-I<sup>110−525</sup> were similar in the presence or absence of obstructive CAD. Among patients not using LLM, apoA-I<sup>110−525</sup> adjusted for age and sex identified individuals with coronary atherosclerosis with a similar accuracy to traditional risk factors [area under the curve [AUC] (95% CI): 0.75(0.66–0.84) 0.71 (0.62–0.81)]. However, a combination of apoA-I<sup>110−525</sup> with risk factors did not improve the accuracy [AUC (95% CI): 0.73 (0.64–0.82)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Direct two-site apoA-I assays recognizing heterogeneity in reactivity with apoA-I could provide a potential approach to identify individuals at a risk of coronary atherosclerosis. However, their clinical value remains to be studied in larger cohorts.<br></p>...
Learning to Denoise Gated Cardiac PET Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks
<p>Noise and motion artifacts in Positron emission tomography (PET) scans can interfere in diagnosis and result in inaccurate interpretations. PET gating techniques effectively reduce motion blurring, but at the cost of ...