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Relative Contribution of Blood Pressure in Childhood, Young- and Mid-Adulthood to Large Artery Stiffness in Mid-Adulthood
Background Blood pressure associates with arterial stiffness, but the contribution of blood pressure at different life stages is unclear. We examined the relative contribution of childhood, young- and mid-adulthood blood ...
Socioeconomic Position Is Associated With Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Mid-Childhood: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children
<div><div><p><strong>Background</strong> Lower socioeconomic position (SEP) predicts higher cardiovascular risk in adults. Few studies differentiate between neighborhood and family SEP or have repeated measures through childhood, which would inform understanding of potential mechanisms and the timing of interventions. We investigated whether neighborhood and family SEP, measured biennially from ages 0 to 1 year onward, was associated with carotid intima–media thickness (IMT) at ages 11 to 12 years.</p></div><div><p><strong>Methods and Results</strong> Data were obtained from 1477 families participating in the Child Health CheckPoint study, nested within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. Disadvantaged family and neighborhood SEP was cross‐sectionally associated with thicker maximum carotid IMT in separate univariable linear regression models. Associations with family SEP were not attenuated in multivariable analyses, and associations with neighborhood SEP were attenuated only in models adjusted for family SEP. The difference in maximum carotid IMT between the highest and lowest family SEP quartile measured at ages 10 to 11 years was 10.7 μm (95% CI, 3.4–18.0; P=0.004), adjusted for age, sex, pubertal status, passive smoking exposure, body mass index, blood pressure, and arterial lumen diameter. In longitudinal analyses, family SEP measured as early as age 2 to 3 years was associated with maximum carotid IMT at ages 11 to 12 years (difference between highest and lowest quartile: 8.5 μm; 95% CI, 1.3–15.8; P=0.02). No associations were observed between SEP and mean carotid IMT.</p></div><div><p><strong>Conclusions</strong> We report a robust association between lower SEP in early childhood and carotid IMT in mid‐childhood. Further investigation of mechanisms may inform pediatric cardiovascular risk assessment and prevention strategies.</p></div></div><ul><br /><li></li></ul>...
Association of Body Mass Index in Youth With Adult Cardiometabolic Risk
<div>Background: Whether long-term exposure to overweight or obesity from early life to adulthood has a detrimental influence on health outcomes is unknown. We aimed to investigate whether duration of overweight or obesity ...
Bayesian hierarchical piecewise regression models: a tool to detect trajectory divergence between groups in long-term observational studies
Background: Bayesian hierarchical piecewise regression (BHPR) modeling has not been previously formulated to detect and characterise the mechanism of trajectory divergence between groups of participants that have longitudinal ...
Childhood risk factors and carotid atherosclerotic plaque in adulthood: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
<h4>BACKGROUND AND AIMS:</h4><p><br></p><p>Carotid plaque is a specific sign of atherosclerosis and adults with carotid plaque are at increased risk for cardiovascular outcomes. Atherosclerosis has roots in childhood and ...
Exposure to parental smoking and cardiac structure and function in adulthood: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>The relationship between childhood tobacco smoke exposure and cardiac structure and function in midlife is unclear. We investigated the association between parental smoking with ...
Exposure to Parental Smoking in Childhood is Associated with High C-Reactive Protein in Adulthood: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
<p><b><i>Aim</i>:</b> Children exposed to parental smoking are at increased long-term risk of subclinical atherosclerosis in adulthood. However, it has not been quantified if exposure to parental smoking in childhood is ...