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Cessation of anti-VLA-4 therapy in a focal rat model of multiple sclerosis causes an increase in neuroinflammation
BackgroundPositron emission tomography (PET) can be used for in vivo evaluation of the pathology associated with multiple sclerosis. We investigated the use of longitudinal PET imaging and the 18-kDa translocator protein ...
Natalizumab treatment reduces microglial activation in the white matter of the MS brain
ObjectiveTo evaluate whether natalizumab treatment reduces microglial activation in MS.MethodsWe measured microglial activation using the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO)-binding radioligand [C-11] PK11195 and PET imaging ...
Brain TSPO-PET predicts later disease progression independent of relapses in multiple sclerosis
Overactivation of microglia is associated with most neurodegenerative diseases. In this study we examined whether PET-measurable innate immune cell activation predicts multiple sclerosis disease progression. Activation of ...
Folate receptor-targeted positron emission tomography of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rats
<h2>Abstract</h2><div><p>BACKGROUND: Folate receptor-β (FR-β) is a cell surface receptor that is significantly upregulated on activated macrophages during inflammation and provides a potential target for folate-based ...
Effects of age, BMI and sex on the glial cell marker TSPO - a multicentre [C-11]PBR28 HRRT PET study
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ageing, sex and body mass index (BMI) on translocator protein (TSPO) availability in healthy subjects using positron emission tomography (PET) and the ...
Vascular adhesion protein-1 is actively involved in the development of inflammatory lesions in rat models of multiple sclerosis
Background: Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is an inflammation-inducible endothelial cell molecule and primary amine oxidase that mediates leukocyte entry to sites of inflammation. However, there is limited knowledge ...
Microglial activation, white matter tract damage, and disability in MS
ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship of in vivo microglial activation to clinical and MRI parameters in MS.MethodsPatients with secondary progressive MS (n = 10) or relapsing-remitting MS (n = 10) and age-matched healthy ...
Dimethyl fumarate decreases short-term but not long-term inflammation in a focal EAE model of neuroinflammation
<p>Background <br></p><p>Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an oral immunomodulatory drug used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Here, we sought to study whether the effect of DMF can be detected using positron emission ...