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Suboptimal dialysis initiation is associated with comorbidities and uraemia progression rate but not with estimated glomerular filtration rate

Heaf James; Heiro Maija; Heimburger Olof; Rogland Björn; Sørensen Anette Bagger; Petersons Aivars; Povlsen Johan V; Lagreid Inger; Kampmann Jan Dominik; Clyne Naomi; Ots-Rosenberg Mai; Randers Else; Vernere Baiba; Lindholm Bengt; Bumblyte Inga; Zilinskiene Alanta; Kjellevold Stig; Løkkegaard Niels

Suboptimal dialysis initiation is associated with comorbidities and uraemia progression rate but not with estimated glomerular filtration rate

Heaf James
Heiro Maija
Heimburger Olof
Rogland Björn
Sørensen Anette Bagger
Petersons Aivars
Povlsen Johan V
Lagreid Inger
Kampmann Jan Dominik
Clyne Naomi
Ots-Rosenberg Mai
Randers Else
Vernere Baiba
Lindholm Bengt
Bumblyte Inga
Zilinskiene Alanta
Kjellevold Stig
Løkkegaard Niels
Katso/Avaa
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OXFORD UNIV PRESS
doi:10.1093/ckj/sfaa041
URI
https://academic.oup.com/ckj/article/14/3/933/5821484
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on:
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2021093047940
Tiivistelmä

Background 

Despite early referral of uraemic patients to nephrological care, suboptimal dialysis initiation (SDI) remains a common problem associated with increased morbimortality. We hypothesized that SDI is related to pre-dialysis care.

Methods 

In the 'Peridialysis' study, time and reasons for dialysis initiation (DI), clinical and biochemical data and centre characteristics were registered during the pre- and peri-dialytic period for 1583 end-stage kidney disease patients starting dialysis over a 3-year period at 15 nephrology departments in the Nordic and Baltic countries to identify factors associated with SDI.

Results 

SDI occurred in 42%. Risk factors for SDI were late referral, cachexia, comorbidity (particularly cardiovascular), hypoalbuminaemia and rapid uraemia progression. Patients with polycystic renal disease had a lower incidence of SDI. High urea and C-reactive protein levels, acidosis and other electrolyte disorders were markers of SDI, independently of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). SDI patients had higher eGFR than non-SDI patients during the pre-dialysis period, but lower eGFR at DI. eGFR as such did not predict SDI. Patients with comorbidities had higher eGFR at DI. Centre practice and policy did not associate with the incidence of SDI.

Conclusions 

SDI occurred in 42% of all DIs. SDI was associated with hypoalbuminaemia, comorbidity and rate of eGFR loss, but not with the degree of renal failure as assessed by eGFR.

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