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Association Between the Gut Microbiota and Blood Pressure in a Population Cohort of 6953 Individuals

Tiina Laatikainen; Gregory C. Humphrey; Mohit Jain; Joonatan Palmu; Michael Inouye; Rodolfo A. Salido; Leo Lahti; Pekka Jousilahti; Veikko Salomaa; Teemu J. Niiranen; Aaro Salosensaari; Jon G. Sanders; Susan Cheng; Aki S. Havulinna; Erkki Vartiainen; Caitriona Brennan; Rob Knight; Karenina Sanders

Association Between the Gut Microbiota and Blood Pressure in a Population Cohort of 6953 Individuals

Tiina Laatikainen
Gregory C. Humphrey
Mohit Jain
Joonatan Palmu
Michael Inouye
Rodolfo A. Salido
Leo Lahti
Pekka Jousilahti
Veikko Salomaa
Teemu J. Niiranen
Aaro Salosensaari
Jon G. Sanders
Susan Cheng
Aki S. Havulinna
Erkki Vartiainen
Caitriona Brennan
Rob Knight
Karenina Sanders
Katso/Avaa
Publisher's version (1.635Mb)
Lataukset: 

WILEY
doi:10.1161/JAHA.120.016641
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on:
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2021042820989
Tiivistelmä
Background:
Several small-scale animal studies have suggested that gut microbiota and blood pressure (BP) are linked. However, results from human studies remain scarce and conflicting. We wanted to elucidate the multivariable-adjusted association between gut metagenome and BP in a large, representative, well-phenotyped population sample. We performed a focused analysis to examine the previously reported inverse associations between sodium intake and Lactobacillus abundance and between Lactobacillus abundance and BP.
Methods and Results:
We studied a population sample of 6953 Finns aged 25 to 74 years (mean age, 49.212.9 years; 54.9% women). The participants underwent a health examination, which included BP measurement, stool collection, and 24-hour urine sampling (N=829). Gut microbiota was analyzed using shallow shotgun metagenome sequencing. In age- and sex-adjusted models, the alpha (within-sample) and beta (between-sample) diversities of taxonomic composition were strongly related to BP indexes (P<0.001 for most). In multivariable-adjusted models, diversity was only associated with diastolic BP (P=0.032). However, we observed significant, mainly positive, associations between BP indexes and 45 microbial genera (P<0.05), of which 27 belong to the phylum Firmicutes. Interestingly, we found mostly negative associations between 19 distinct Lactobacillus species and BP indexes (P<0.05). Of these, greater abundance of the known probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei was associated with lower mean arterial pressure and lower dietary sodium intake (P<0.001 for both).
Conclusions:
Although the associations between overall gut taxonomic composition and BP are weak, individuals with hypertension demonstrate changes in several genera. We demonstrate strong negative associations of certain Lactobacillus species with sodium intake and BP, highlighting the need for experimental studies.
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