Boosting the cell voltage in biphasic flow batteries via Galvani potential difference

Abstract

Galvani potential differences between aqueous and organic phases of biphasic flow batteries can be utilized to boost the cell voltage by <i>ca.</i> 600 mV. This effect is demonstrated by comparing batteries utilizing three different solvents, trifluorotoluene, dichloroethane and propylene carbonate, with ferrocene and decamethyl ferrocene as model organic redox couples.