Salivary IgA and IgG antibody responses against periodontitis-associated bacteria in Crohn’s disease

Abstract

<p>Elevated serum immunoglobulin (Ig) antibody levels are observed in Crohn's disease patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the salivary IgA and IgG antibody levels against <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis</em>, <em>Tannerella forsythia</em>, <em>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</em>, and <em>Prevotella intermedia</em> in Crohn's disease patients. Eighty-eight participants (47 Crohn's disease patients and 41 systemically healthy age- and gender-matched controls) were included in the study. Oral and medical health statuses were recorded and salivary samples were collected. Salivary <em>P. gingivalis</em>, <em>T. forsythia</em>, <em>A. actinomycetemcomitans</em>, and <em>P. intermedia</em> carriage were analyzed with DNA sequencing technique, salivary levels of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, and IgM were measured with the Luminex^® xMAP™ technique, and salivary IgA and IgG antibody levels against <em>P. gingivalis</em>, <em>T. forsythia</em>, <em>A. actinomycetemcomitans</em>, and <em>P. intermedia</em> were detected by ELISA. As result, higher salivary IgG2 (<em>p</em> = 0.011) and IgG3 (<em>p</em> = 0.006), <em>P. gingivalis</em> IgA (<em>p</em> < 0.001), <em>A. actinomycetemcomitans</em> IgG (<em>p</em> = 0.001), and <em>P. intermedia</em> IgG (<em>p</em> < 0.001) antibody levels were detected in the Crohn's disease group compared to the controls. Salivary <em>P. gingivalis</em> carriage was lower in the Crohn's disease group in comparison to the controls (<em>p</em> = 0.024). In conclusion, salivary IgA antibody responses against <em>P. gingivalis</em> and IgG antibody responses against <em>P. intermedia</em> have independent associations with Crohn's disease.<br></p>