Benefits of nanotechnology in treating cancer

Abstract

This literature review addresses the benefits of nanotechnology in treating cancer. The nanotechnology field has aroused enormous interest among researchers due to its possibilities. The purpose of nanotechnology is to improve existing processes and its use extends to various fields, including medicine and the food industry. Nanotechnology utilizes 1-100 nm size particles, and nanoscale principles and methods. In nanomedicine, nanoparticles are used to transport cargo within the human body. Nanomedicine has acted as a promising technology for cancer treatment. To synthesize effective and functional nanoparticles, a comprehensive understanding of cancer characteristics is crucial. Several physicochemical modifications can be made to the nanoparticles to optimize their performance. These modifications include changes in the size, charge, shape, as well as the optical and magnetic properties of nanoparticles, along with the addition of various surface agents. Modifying these properties presents an opportunity to overcome the limitations of traditional chemotherapy, including rapid clearance, side effects and toxicity. Nanomedicine provides solutions to reduce drug resistance in cancer cells. Furthermore, it enables the combination of various treatment strategies, targeted drug delivery, controlled release, and real-time monitoring of the treatment process. These approaches, coupled with the opportunities offered by nanoparticles, nanotechnology emerge as a promising avenue for enhancing cancer treatment while minimizing side effects.