Youth and Long-Term Dietary Calcium Intake With Risk of Impaired Glucose Metabolism and Type 2 Diabetes in Adulthood

Abstract

<h4>CONTEXT: </h4><p>To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have examined the role of youth calcium intake in the development of impaired glucose metabolism, especially those with long-term high calcium intake.</p><h4>OBJECTIVES: </h4><p>To examine whether youth and long-term (between youth and adulthood) dietary calcium intake is associated with adult impaired glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes (T2D).</p><h4>DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: </h4><p>The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study is a 31-year prospective cohort study (n = 1134; age, 3 to 18 years at baseline).</p><h4>EXPOSURES: </h4><p>Dietary calcium intake was assessed at baseline (1980) and adult follow-up visits (2001, 2007, and 2011). Long-term (mean between youth and adulthood) dietary calcium intake was calculated.</p><h4>MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: </h4><p>Adult impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and T2D.</p><h4>RESULTS: </h4><p>We found no evidence for nonlinear associations between calcium intake and IFG or T2D among females and males (all P for nonlinearity > 0.05). Higher youth and long-term dietary calcium intake was not associated with the risk of IFG or T2D among females or males after adjustment for confounders, including youth and adult body mass index.</p><h4>CONCLUSIONS: </h4><p>Youth or long-term dietary calcium intake is not associated with adult risk of developing impaired glucose metabolism or T2D.<br /></p>