A search for flares and mass ejections on young late-type stars in the open cluster Blanco-1

Abstract

<p> We present a search for stellar activity (flares and mass ejections) in a sample of 28 stars in the young open cluster Blanco-1. We use optical spectra obtained with European Southern Observatory&#39;s Visible Multi-Object Spectrograph installed on the Very Large Telescope. From the total observing time of &tilde;5 h, we find four Halpha flares but no distinct indication of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) on the investigated dK-dM stars. Two flares show `dips&#39; in their light curves right before their impulsive phases which are similar to previous discoveries in photometric light curves of active dMe stars. We estimate an upper limit of &lt;4 CMEs per day per star and discuss this result with respect to a empirical estimation of the CME rate of main-sequence stars. We find that we should have detected at least one CME per star with a mass of &lt;= 3 &times; 10¹⁷ g depending on the star&#39;s X-ray luminosity, but the estimated Halpha fluxes associated with these masses are below the detection limit of our observations. We conclude that the parameter which mainly influences the detection of stellar CMEs using the method of Doppler-shifted emission caused by moving plasma is not the spectral resolution/velocity but the flux/mass of the CME.</p>