Reportativity and temporal perspective: On the evidentiality of the particles ulmaš and ə̑lə̑n in the Mari languages
| dc.contributor.author | Spets, Silja-Maija | |
| dc.contributor.organization | fi=kotimaiset kielet ja niiden sukukielet|en=Finnish, Finno-Ugric and Scandinavian languages| | |
| dc.contributor.organization-code | 1.2.246.10.2458963.20.59108485091 | |
| dc.converis.publication-id | 505337798 | |
| dc.converis.url | https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/Publication/505337798 | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-01-21T14:57:14Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-01-21T14:57:14Z | |
| dc.description.abstract | <p>The Mari languages possess a set of temporally ambivalent TAME constructions containing the particles <em>ə̑ľe</em> and <em>ulmaš</em> in Meadow Mari as well as <em>ə̑ľə̑ </em>and <em>ə̑lə̑n</em> in Hill Mari. The variation between the particles is evidential by nature: <em>ə̑ľe</em> and <em>ə̑ľə̑</em> mark direct source of information, while <em>ulmaš</em> and <em>ə̑lə̑n</em> encode an indirect one. However, the indirect readings of the latter ones are affected by the temporal interpretation of the clause: when expressing pastness, <em>ulmaš </em>and <em>ə̑lə̑n</em> may indicate either inferentiality, mirativity or reportativity, while with present tense reference they lack the reportative function. I explain this with the notions of perspective time and perceptual field, illustrating that the perspective structure of the particle constructions with <em>ulmaš</em> and <em>ə̑lə̑n</em> is suitable for the reportative reading only on the past stratum. The results elaborate the claim that the particles form an event-level (deictic), not a propositional-level (semantic) evidential system.</p><p>Kokkuvõte. Silja-Maija Spets: Refereeritud evidentsiaalsus ja ajaperspektiiv: mari partiklite <em>ulmaš</em> ja <em>ə̑lə̑</em>n tähdenduse kohta. Mari keeltes on olemas ajaliselt ambivalentne TAME-konstruktsioon, mis niidumari keeles sisaldab partikleid <em>ə̑ľe</em> ja <em>ulmaš</em> ja mäemari keeles partikleid <em>ə̑ľə̑</em> ja <em>ə̑lə̑n</em>. Kahe partikli erinevus seisneb nende evidentsiaalsuses: <em>ə̑ľe</em> ja <em>ə̑ľə̑</em> markeerivad otsest evidentsiaalsust, <em>ulmaš</em> ja <em>ə̑lə̑n</em> aga informatsiooni pärinemist kaudsest infoallikast. Viimaste evidentsiaalseid tähendusi mõjutab siiski lause ajaline tõlgendus: kui lause viitab minevikule, saavad ulmaš ja ə̑lə̑n väljendada nii järeldatud ja refreeritud evidentsiaalsust kui ka miratiivsust, olevikule viidates aga ei ole refereeritud evidentsiaalsuse funktsioon võimalik. Käesolev artikkel seletab seda olukorda perspektiivaja ja tajuvälja mõistete abil ja illustreerib, kuidas partikkekonstruktsioonide perspektiivstruktuur sobib refereeritud informatsiooniallika markeerimiseks ainult mineviku aja puhul. Tulemused toetavad väidet, et partiklid väljendavad evidentsiaalsust sündmuse tasandil (deiktiliselt), mitte propositsiooni tasandil (semantiliselt).<br><br>Keywords: </p><p>temporality, evidentiality, reportativity, perspective time, perceptual field, deixis, Mari languages, temporaalsus, evidentsiaalsus, refereeritud evidentsiaalsus, perspektiivaeg, tajuväli, deiksis, mari keeled</p> | |
| dc.format.pagerange | 257 | |
| dc.format.pagerange | 282 | |
| dc.identifier.jour-issn | 1736-8987 | |
| dc.identifier.olddbid | 213915 | |
| dc.identifier.oldhandle | 10024/196933 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://www.utupub.fi/handle/11111/56130 | |
| dc.identifier.url | https://doi.org/10.12697/jeful.2025.16.2.08 | |
| dc.identifier.urn | URN:NBN:fi-fe202601216258 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.okm.affiliatedauthor | Spets, Silja-Maija | |
| dc.okm.discipline | 6121 Languages | en_GB |
| dc.okm.discipline | 6121 Kielitieteet | fi_FI |
| dc.okm.internationalcopublication | not an international co-publication | |
| dc.okm.internationality | International publication | |
| dc.okm.type | A1 ScientificArticle | |
| dc.publisher.country | Estonia | en_GB |
| dc.publisher.country | Viro | fi_FI |
| dc.publisher.country-code | EE | |
| dc.relation.doi | 10.12697/jeful.2025.16.2.08 | |
| dc.relation.ispartofjournal | Eesti ja soome-ugri keeleteaduse ajakiri | |
| dc.relation.issue | 2 | |
| dc.relation.volume | 16 | |
| dc.source.identifier | https://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/196933 | |
| dc.title | Reportativity and temporal perspective: On the evidentiality of the particles ulmaš and ə̑lə̑n in the Mari languages | |
| dc.year.issued | 2025 |
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