New improved radiometabolite analysis method for [18F]FTHA from human plasma : a test-retest study with postprandial and fasting state

Abstract

<p><strong>Background</strong><br>Fatty acid uptake can be measured using PET and 14-(<em>R</em>,<em>S</em>)‐[¹⁸F]fluoro‐6‐thia‐heptadecanoic acid ([¹⁸F]FTHA). However, the relatively rapid rate of [¹⁸F]FTHA metabolism significantly affects kinetic modeling of tissue uptake. Thus, there is a need for accurate chromatographic methods to analyze the unmetabolized [¹⁸F]FTHA (parent fraction). Here we present a new radiometabolite analysis (RMA) method, with comparison to a previous method for parent fraction analysis, and its use in a test-retest clinical study under fasting and postprandial conditions. We developed a new thin-layer chromatography (TLC) RMA method for analysis of [¹⁸F]FTHA parent fraction and its radiometabolites from plasma, by testing stationary phases and eluent combinations. Next, we analyzed [¹⁸F]FTHA, its radiometabolites, and plasma radioactivity from subjects participating in a clinical study. A total of 17 obese or overweight participants were dosed with [¹⁸F]FTHA twice under fasting, and twice under postprandial conditions and plasma samples were obtained between 14 min (mean of first sample) and 72 min (mean of last sample) post-injection. Aliquots of 70 plasma samples were analyzed using both methods, enabling head-to-head comparisons. We performed test-retest and group comparisons of the parent fraction and plasma radioactivity.<br></p><p><strong>Results</strong><br>The new TLC method separated seven [¹⁸F]FTHA radiometabolite peaks, while the previous method separated three. The new method revealed at least one radiometabolite that was not previously separable from [¹⁸F]FTHA. From the plasma samples, the mean parent fraction value was on average 7.2 percentage points lower with the new method, compared to the previous method. Repeated [¹⁸F]FTHA investigations on the same subject revealed reproducible plasma SUV and parent fractions, with different kinetics between the fasted and postprandial conditions.<br></p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong><br>The newly developed improved radio-TLC method for [¹⁸F]FTHA RMA enables accurate parent fraction correction, which is required to obtain quantitative data for modelling [¹⁸F]FTHA PET data. Our test-retest study of fasted and postprandial conditions showed robust reproducibility, and revealed clear differences in the [¹⁸F]FTHA metabolic rate under different study settings.<br></p><p><strong>Trial registration</strong><br>EudraCT No: 2020-005211-48, 04Feb2021; and Clinical Trials registry NCT05132335, 29Oct2021, URL: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05132335.<br></p>