Synergistic 3D π–π networks enforce persistent foldamer configuration with tunable full-color circularly polarized luminescence

Abstract

<p>Achieving molecular chirality with enantiostability in purely π-conjugated foldamers remains a substantial challenge due to inherently weak π-π stacking interactions and facile racemization. Herein, we introduce a novel design strategy employing synergistic intramolecular 3D π–π stacking networks within a 1,8-diarylnaphthalene framework, enabling foldamers to exhibit extraordinary configurational stability. A systematic series of quinoxaline- and phenazine-based foldamers incorporating carbazole (CZ) and diphenylamine (DPA) donors were synthesized, with chiral configurations stabilized through complementary face-to-face and laterally offset π–π stacking interactions. Single-crystal X-ray analyses and computational studies confirmed the formation of complex intramolecular π-networks, providing exceptional racemization barriers (Δ<em>G</em>^‡ up to 26.06 kcal mol^-1), exceeding conventional atropisomers. Additionally, the modular donor-acceptor design facilitates full-color circularly polarized luminescence (469–684 nm), maintaining high dissymmetry factors (|<em>g</em>_lum | > 10^-3) across solution and solid-state environments. This work establishes a generalizable principle for constructing chiral foldamers with enantiostability and tunable optical properties through tailored 3D aromatic interactions, offering significant advances in chiral optoelectronics and responsive materials.<br></p>