Assessing the Efficacy of Novel Fiber-Reinforced Dual-Cure Luting Resins

Abstract

<p>Background: Dual-cure resin-based luting materials are increasingly favored in clinical applications due to their capacity to establish a strong bond with natural tooth structure and restorations. This study aimed to examine certain physical and handling characteristics of newly developed experimental dual-cure luting resins reinforced with short fibers (SFRCs) and compare them with commercially available dual-cure luting resins. <br></p><p>Material and Methods: Seven dual-cure luting materials were tested (Relyx Ultimate, Duo-Link, eCEMENT, Variolink Esthetic, G-CEM LinkForce, experimental SFRC1, experimental SFRC2). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized to determine the degree of monomer conversion (DC%) in the self and light-curing protocol. A rotating disk rheometer measured viscosity at room temperature (22°C) and simulated mouth temperature (35°C). Fracture toughness, flexural strength, and flexural modulus were evaluated using a 3-point bending test. Each luting resin was subjected to the examination of its surface microstructure using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of (p = 0.05) was conducted to analyze data. <br></p><p>Results: It was revealed that DC% of the tested dual-cure resins was significantly (p < 0.05) affected by the curing mode, the dual-cure SFRC2 having the highest and Relyx having the lowest DC (64%, and 41% respectively). The viscosity of all tested materials decreased with increasing temperature. SFRC2 demonstrated the highest fracture toughness (2.3 MPa m1/2), while Relyx Ultimate, Duo-Link, and eCEMENT exhibited the lowest values (≈ 1 MPa m1/2)(p < 0.05). Both SFRCs and G-CEM link-force exhibited the highest flexural strength values, and SFRCs resulted in the highest flexural modulus values (p <0.05). <br></p><p>Conclusions: The experimental fiber-reinforced dual-cure luting resins exhibited superior DC%, fracture toughness, and flexural properties, yet, SFRC2 showed the highest viscosity at elevated temperature. These results highlight the capability of short fiber reinforcement to enhance the mechanical properties of dual-cured resin-based luting materials without compromising handling characteristics.</p>