Low Emission Choices in Freight Transport: Comparing Land and Short Sea Shipping Alternatives

Abstract

<p> <span>This study compares carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in multimodal transport chains. Given the recent pressure towards responsible logistics, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has given several resolutions aiming to decrease all emission types in sea transports. The study analyzes different combinations of alternative delivery chains of paper rolls from the production facility to the customer. The results show emissions originating from each transport leg. In the case of land transports, the greenhouse emissions from solely truck-based deliveries are two times higher than in intermodal solutions, i.e. different combinations of truck and rail. Electrified rail transportation lowers the overall emissions significantly. This indicates that a potential for electric trucks, particularly in the case of short distance deliveries. </span> <br></p>