Antibacterial properties of bioactive glass particle abraded titanium against Streptococcus mutans

Abstract

<p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of titanium surfaces air-abraded with particles of Bioglass® 45S5 and three-ZnO and SrO doped compositions on the viability, adhesion and biofilm formation of <i>Streptococcus mutans.</i> A statistically significant decrease in the viability of <i>S. mutans</i> was observed for all titanium discs air-particle abraded with the BAGs (p < 0.001). Also, a significant effect on diminishing biofilm formation on the titanium discs was seen for all BAGs (p < 0.01). No differences were noticed in <i>S. mutans</i> adhesion on titanium surfaces treated with different glasses (p = 0.964). Static SBF immersion experiments showed that after 2 and 48 h the BAG doped with 4 mol% ZnO demonstrated the highest Zn²⁺ ion concentration released into SBF (0.2 mg L⁻¹). 45S5 BAG demonstrated the highest statistically significant increase in the pH throughout the 120 min of static immersion (p < 0.001). In conclusion, we showed that titanium alloy discs abraded with particles of the experimental compositions and 45S5 BAG had strong antimicrobial activity against <i>S. mutans</i> and they suppressed <i>S. mutans</i> biofilm formation. The antimicrobial activity of 45S5 BAG was attributed to high pH whereas for the Zn-containing BAGs antimicrobial activity was due to steady release of Zn²⁺ into the interfacial solution.<br /></p>