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Mitochondrial genome-wide analysis of nuclear DNA methylation quantitative trait loci
<p>Mitochondria have a complex communication network with the surrounding cell and can alter nuclear DNA methylation (DNAm). Variation in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has also been linked to differential DNAm. Genome-wide ...
BMI is positively associated with accelerated epigenetic aging in twin pairs discordant for body mass index
<p>Background <br>Obesity is a heritable complex phenotype that can increase the risk of age-related outcomes. Biological age can be estimated from DNA methylation (DNAm) using various "epigenetic clocks." Previous work ...
DNA methylation signatures of aggression and closely related constructs: A meta-analysis of epigenome-wide studies across the lifespan
<p>DNA methylation profiles of aggressive behavior may capture lifetime cumulative effects of genetic, stochastic, and environmental influences associated with aggression. Here, we report the first large meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of aggressive behavior (N = 15,324 participants). In peripheral blood samples of 14,434 participants from 18 cohorts with mean ages ranging from 7 to 68 years, 13 methylation sites were significantly associated with aggression (alpha = 1.2 × 10<sup>-7</sup>; Bonferroni correction). In cord blood samples of 2425 children from five cohorts with aggression assessed at mean ages ranging from 4 to 7 years, 83% of these sites showed the same direction of association with childhood aggression (r = 0.74, p = 0.006) but no epigenome-wide significant sites were found. Top-sites (48 at a false discovery rate of 5% in the peripheral blood meta-analysis or in a combined meta-analysis of peripheral blood and cord blood) have been associated with chemical exposures, smoking, cognition, metabolic traits, and genetic variation (mQTLs). Three genes whose expression levels were associated with top-sites were previously linked to schizophrenia and general risk tolerance. At six CpGs, DNA methylation variation in blood mirrors variation in the brain. On average 44% (range = 3-82%) of the aggression-methylation association was explained by current and former smoking and BMI. These findings point at loci that are sensitive to chemical exposures with potential implications for neuronal functions. We hope these results to be a starting point for studies leading to applications as peripheral biomarkers and to reveal causal relationships with aggression and related traits.</p>...
Evolution of genetic networks for human creativity
The genetic basis for the emergence of creativity in modern humans remains a mystery despite sequencing the genomes of chimpanzees and Neanderthals, our closest hominid relatives. Data-driven methods allowed us to uncover ...
Long-term tracking and population characteristics of lipoprotein (a) in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
<p>Background and aims</p><p>Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) is a causal risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and its levels are under strict genetic control. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the concentration of Lp(a) remains ...
Does better education mitigate risky health behavior? A mendelian randomization study
<p><br></p><p>Education and risky health behaviors are strongly negatively correlated. Education may affect health behaviors by enabling healthier choices through higher disposable income, increasing information about the ...
Birth weight and adult income: An examination of mediation through adult height and body mass
This paper examines the causal links between early human endowments and socioeconomic outcomes in adulthood. We use a genotyped longitudinal survey (Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study) that is linked to the administrative ...
Genome-wide association study of circulating interleukin 6 levels identifies novel loci
<p>Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine with both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties with a heritability estimate of up to 61%. The circulating levels of IL-6 in blood have been associated with an increased risk of complex disease pathogenesis. We conducted a two-staged, discovery and replication meta genome-wide association study (GWAS) of circulating serum IL-6 levels comprising up to 67428 (n<sub>discovery</sub>=52654 and n<sub>replication</sub>=14774) individuals of European ancestry. The inverse variance fixed effects based discovery meta-analysis, followed by replication led to the identification of two independent loci, IL1F10/IL1RN rs6734238 on chromosome (Chr) 2q14, (P<sub>combined</sub>=1.8x10<sup>-11</sup>), HLA-DRB1/DRB5 rs660895 on Chr6p21 (P<sub>combined</sub>=1.5x10<sup>-10</sup>) in the combined meta-analyses of all samples. We also replicated the IL6R rs4537545 locus on Chr1q21 (P<sub>combined</sub>=1.2x10<sup>-122</sup>). Our study identifies novel loci for circulating IL-6 levels uncovering new immunological and inflammatory pathways that may influence IL-6 pathobiology.</p>...
Inframe insertion and splice site variants in MFGE8 associate with protection against coronary atherosclerosis
<p>A genome-wide association study identifies MFGE8 as protective against coronary atherosclerosis in European and East Asian populations.Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of premature death and disability ...
Magical thinking in individuals with high polygenic risk for schizophrenia but no non-affective psychoses-a general population study
A strong genetic background for psychoses is well-established. Most individuals with a high genetic risk for schizophrenia, however, do not develop the disorder. We investigated whether individuals, who have a high genetic ...