Hae
Aineistot 1-10 / 54
Insights into disseminated MS brain pathology with multimodal diffusion tensor and PET imaging
<div>Objective To evaluate in vivo the co-occurrence of microglial activation and microstructural white matter (WM) damage in the MS brain and to examine their association with clinical disability.</div><div>Methods 18-kDa ...
Association between microglial activation and serum kynurenine pathway metabolites in multiple sclerosis patients
<p>Background<br></p><p>Microglial activation associates with MS progression but it is unclear what drives their persistent pro-inflammatory state. Metabolites of the kynurenine pathway (KP), the main metabolism route of ...
Cessation of anti-VLA-4 therapy in a focal rat model of multiple sclerosis causes an increase in neuroinflammation
BackgroundPositron emission tomography (PET) can be used for in vivo evaluation of the pathology associated with multiple sclerosis. We investigated the use of longitudinal PET imaging and the 18-kDa translocator protein ...
Seasonal variation in the brain μ-opioid receptor availability
<p>Seasonal rhythms influence emotion and sociability. The brain μ-opioid receptor (MOR) system modulates a multitude of seasonally varying socioemotional functions, but its seasonal variation remains elusive with no ...
The neurochemical substrates of habitual and goal-directed control
Our daily decisions are governed by the arbitration between goal-directed and habitual strategies. However, the neurochemical basis of this arbitration is unclear. We assessed the contribution of dopaminergic, serotonergic, ...
Natalizumab treatment reduces microglial activation in the white matter of the MS brain
ObjectiveTo evaluate whether natalizumab treatment reduces microglial activation in MS.MethodsWe measured microglial activation using the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO)-binding radioligand [C-11] PK11195 and PET imaging ...
Diagnostic accuracy of glabellar tap sign for Parkinson's disease
<p>Glabellar tap or reflex (GR) is an old bedside clinical test used in the diagnostics of Parkinson's disease (PD), but its diagnostic value is unclear. This study examines the diagnostic validity and reliability of GR in PD in relation to brain dopaminergic activity. GR was performed on 161 patients with PD, 47 patients with essential tremor (ET) and 40 healthy controls immediately prior to dopamine transporter (DAT) [<sup>123</sup>I]FP-CIT SPECT scanning. The binding ratios were investigated with consideration of the GR result (normal/abnormal). In addition, the consistency of the GR was investigated with 89 patients after a mean follow-up of 2.2 years. PD and ET patients had higher GR scores than healthy controls (p < 0.001), but there was no difference in GR between PD and ET patients (p = 0.09). There were no differences in the ratio of abnormal to normal GRs between the PD and ET groups (73% vs. 64% abnormal, respectively, p = 0.13) or in DAT binding between PD patients with abnormal and normal GRs (p > 0.36). Over follow-up, the GR changed from abnormal to normal in 20% of PD patients despite the presence of clinically typical disease. The sensitivity and specificity of GR for differentiating PD from ET were 78.3% and 36.2%, respectively. Although GR has been used by clinicians in the diagnostics of PD, it does not separate PD from ET. It also shows considerable inconsistency over time, and abnormal GR has no relationship with dopamine loss. Its usefulness should be tested for other clinical diagnostic purposes.</p>...
27-Hydroxycholesterol, cognition, and brain imaging markers in the FINGER randomized controlled trial
Background: 27-Hydroxycholesterol (27-OH), the main circulating oxysterol in humans and the potential missing link between peripheral hypercholesterolemia and Alzheimer's disease (AD), has not been investigated previously ...
Thalamic Atrophy Without Whole Brain Atrophy Is Associated With Absence of 2-Year NEDA in Multiple Sclerosis
Purpose: To study which brain volume measures best differentiate early relapsing MS (RMS) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS) patients and correlate with disability and cognition. To test whether isolated thalamic atrophy ...