Hae
Aineistot 1-9 / 9
Seasonal variation in the brain μ-opioid receptor availability
<p>Seasonal rhythms influence emotion and sociability. The brain μ-opioid receptor (MOR) system modulates a multitude of seasonally varying socioemotional functions, but its seasonal variation remains elusive with no ...
Cerebral grey matter density is associated with neuroreceptor and neurotransporter availability: A combined PET and MRI study
<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/positron-emission-tomography" title="Learn more about Positron emission tomography from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages">Positron emission tomography</a> (PET) can be used for in vivo measurement of specific <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/neuroreceptor" title="Learn more about neuroreceptors from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages">neuroreceptors</a> and transporters using <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/radioligand" title="Learn more about radioligands from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages">radioligands</a>, while voxel-based morphometric analysis of magnetic resonance images allows automated estimation of local grey matter densities. However, it is not known how regional neuroreceptor or transporter densities are reflected in grey matter densities. Here, we analyzed <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/brain-scintiscanning" title="Learn more about brain scans from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages">brain scans</a> retrospectively from 328 subjects and compared grey matter density estimates with neuroreceptor and transporter availabilities. µ-opioid receptors (MORs) were measured with [11C]carfentanil (162 scans), <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/dopamine-receptor-d2" title="Learn more about dopamine D2 receptors from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages">dopamine D2 receptors</a> with [11C]raclopride (92 scans) and <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/serotonin-transporter" title="Learn more about serotonin transporters from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages">serotonin transporters</a> (SERT) with [11C]MADAM (74 scans). The PET data were modelled with simplified reference tissue model. Voxel-wise correlations between binding potential and grey matter density images were computed. Regional binding of all the used <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/radioactive-tracer" title="Learn more about radiotracers from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages">radiotracers</a> was associated with grey matter density in region and ligand-specific manner independently of subjects’ age or sex. These data show that grey matter density and MOR and D2R neuroreceptor / SERT availability are correlated, with effect sizes (r2) ranging from 0.04 to 0.69. This suggests that future studies comparing PET outcome measure different groups (such as patients and controls) should also analyze interactive effects of grey matter density and PET outcome measures....
Interindividual variability and lateralization of mu-opioid receptors in the human brain
Alterations in the brain's mu-opioid receptor (MOR) system have been associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders. Central MOR availability also varies considerably in healthy individuals. Multiple epidemiological ...
A Novel Approach for Manual Segmentation of the Amygdala and Hippocampus in Neonate MRI
The gross anatomy of the infant brain at term is fairly similar to that of the adult brain, but structures are immature, and the brain undergoes rapid growth during the first 2 years of life. Neonate magnetic resonance ...
Atlas of type 2 dopamine receptors in the human brain: Age and sex dependent variability in a large PET cohort
<h3><br></h3><h3>Background</h3><p>The dopamine system contributes to a multitude of functions ranging from reward and motivation to learning and movement control, making it a key component in goal-directed behavior. Altered ...
Mesolimbic opioid-dopamine interaction is disrupted in obesity but recovered by weight loss following bariatric surgery
Obesity is a growing burden to health and the economy worldwide. Obesity is associated with central mu-opioid receptor (MOR) downregulation and disruption of the interaction between MOR and dopamine D-2 receptor (D2R) ...
Preoperative brain μ-opioid receptor availability predicts weight development following bariatric surgery in women
Bariatric surgery is the most effective method for weight loss in morbid obesity. There is significant individual variability in the weight loss outcomes, yet factors leading to postoperative weight loss or weight regain ...
Associations Between Brain Gray Matter Volumes and Adipose Tissue Metabolism in Healthy Adults
Objective Gray matter (GM) volume in different brain loci has been shown to vary in obesity and diabetes, and elevated fasting plasma nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels have been suggested as one potential mechanism. ...
mu-opioid receptor system mediates reward processing in humans
The endogenous mu-opioid receptor (MOR) system regulates motivational and hedonic processing. We tested directly whether individual differences in MOR are associated with neural reward responses to food pictures in humans. ...