Effects of task instructions and topic signaling on text processing among adult readers with different reading styles: An eye-tracking study

Abstract

<p>Effects of task instructions and topic signaling on text processing among adult readers with different reading styles were studied by eye-tracking. In Experiment 1, readers read two multiple-topic expository texts guided either by a summary or a verification task. In Experiment 2, readers read a text with or without the topic sentences underlined. Four types of readers emerged: topic structure processors (TSPs), fast linear readers (FLRs), slow linear readers (SLRs), and nonselective reviewers (NSRs). TSPs paid ample fixation time on topic sentences regardless of their signaling. FLRs were characterized by fast first-pass reading, little rereading of previous text, and some signs of structure processing. The common feature of SLRs and NSRs was their slow first-pass reading. They differed from each other in that NSRs were characterized by spending ample time also during second-pass reading. They only showed some signs of topic structure processing when cued by task instructions or topic signaling.<br></p>