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Photosystem II (PSII) of oxygenic photosynthesis is susceptible to photoinhibition. Photoinhibition is defined as light induced damage resulting in turnover of the D1 protein subunit of the reaction center of PSII. Both ...

Living nature consists of countless organisms, which are classified into millions of species. These species interact in many ways; for example predators when foraging on their prey, insect larvae consuming plants, and ...

ABSTRACT Fescues consist of wild and cultivated grasses that have adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions. They are an excellent model species for evolutionary ecology studies that investigate symbiosis and ...

Red wood ants (Formica rufa group) impact forest ecosystems in a multitude of ways and can thus be considered as ecosystem engineers. Although they are highly efficacious predators of many arthropods, their nests host a ...

The monitor lizards of the subgenus Euprepiosaurus Fitzinger, popularly known as the Pacific monitor lizards, are widely distributed on islands in the southwest Pacific region where they often form conspicuous components ...

In cooperatively breeding species, the amount of help provided and the outcomes of that help can vary greatly under different contexts, such as helper age, sex of the offspring, or age of the offspring. Contextual variation ...

Tropical rainforests are at the same time some of the most species-rich and the least known terrestrial ecosystems. They are also under immense human pressure. Lack of information about species taxonomy, their distributions, ...

Vascularization is essential for tissue healing and reduced ability to regrow blood vessels can contribute, for example, to impaired wound healing and bone formation after injury. Generation of functional blood vessels is ...