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Tumor immune evasion, a hallmark of cancer, allows malignant cells to escape immune surveillance and elimination. While immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, and anti-PD-L1 antibodies, have ...

ABSTRACT Pregnant women with overweight and obesity may exhibit altered circulating lowgrade inflammatory and metabolic profile and gut and vaginal microbiota which may contribute to the development of gestational ...

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease that leads to gradual destruction of insulin producing beta cells in the pancreas. By the time of diagnosis, most of the beta cells have already been destroyed. There is a need to improve ...

B lymphocytes—major cell types mediating an adaptive immunity—recognize a vast variety of structures by B cell antigen receptors (BCR). Activated B cells can form germinal centers, undergo antigen-induced affinity maturation ...

To study the pathogenesis and prevention of diseases, population studies in which hundreds of measurements are done from the same persons have a crucial role. A biomarker is any measurable characteristic that gives information ...

Type 1 diabetes is a multifactorial autoimmune disorder. The pathogenesis of the disease is determined by the interplay of genetic and environmental factors, resulting in an aberrant immune response that leads to the ...

Metabolic disorders during pregnancy may challenge the mother and child to longterm health complications. Emerging data indicates a link between increased intestinal permeability and metabolic risk markers in a non-pregnant ...

Afferent lymphatic vessels transport leukocytes and soluble molecules from the periphery to lymph nodes. These vessels are lined with lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC), which are also present in lymph node sinuses. Lymph ...

Lyme borreliosis, the most common tick-borne disease in the northern hemisphere, is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato spirochetes (later Borrelia). They can infect humans through bites of infected Ixodes ticks. If ...

Bladder cancer (BC) is a highly prevalent disease with wide variety in outcome. Non-muscle invasive tumors have good prognosis but are prone to recur and, furthermore, have a major risk of progression. Muscle-invasive ...